SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1/S2 Proteins

Protein Information

SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) also known as 2019-nCoV (2019 Novel Coronavirus) is a virus that causes illnesses ranging from the common cold symptoms to severe effects including death and respiratory distress. The CoV Spike (S) protein plays the most important roles in viral attachment, fusion and entry, and serves as a target for development of antibodies, entry inhibitors and vaccines. Of note is the Spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD, S-RBD) in SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein which binds strongly to human and bat angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. SARS-CoV-2 RBD exhibits significantly higher binding affinity to ACE2 receptor than SARS-CoV RBD in comparison. S1 contains a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that can specifically bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor on target cells. SARS-CoV-2 S is 1273 amino acids long and consists of a signal peptide (amino acids 1–13) located at the N-terminus, the S1 subunit (14–685 residues), and the S2 subunit (686–1273 residues); the last two regions are responsible for receptor binding and membrane fusion, respectively. The S-ECD is the extracellular domain of the Spike protein.

Synonyms

Coronavirus; COVID; Covid 19; COVID19; COVID-19; SARS; SARS Coronavirus; SARS CoV; SARS CoV2; SARS CoV-2; SARS Spike Protein; SARS-CoV2; SARS-CoV-2